Europe
Entry requirement information for countries within Europe.
The minimum entry requirements for admissions to our undergraduate courses are listed by country below. The requirements stated may vary depending on the grading system used by the institution. If your country is not listed, or if you have any additional queries, please contact our undergraduate admissions team.
These entry requirements are a guide only and the details may vary depending on your personal circumstances, the content of your application and the course you are applying for.
Information relating to specific English language requirements and acceptable equivalent qualifications, can be found on our individual course profile pages.
Select your home country:
Albania
You will need an acceptable qualification such as A-levels or International Baccalaureate. Or, you will need to complete an acceptable UK-based foundation programme.
You will also need a suitable English Language qualification equivalent to IELTS 6.5 overall. With no lower than 6 in any component.
We do not accept Albanian school leaving qualification for direct entry to our undergraduate courses.
Austria
Applicants offering the Reifeprufung-Certificate/Matura are asked to achieve an overall average of 2. With no lower than 2 in English (or IELTS at 6.5 overall, with no lower than 6 in any component).
Belarus
You will need an acceptable qualification such as A-levels or International Baccalaureate. Or, you will need to complete an acceptable UK-based foundation programme.
You will also need a suitable English Language qualification equivalent to IELTS 6.5 overall with no lower than 6 in any component.
We do not accept the Belarus Certificate of Secondary Education for direct entry to our undergraduate courses.
Belgium
AAA offer - Applicants are expected to have the Certificat d'Enseignment Secondaire Superieur/Diploma van Hoger Secundair Onderwijs. With 90% overall and no lower than 80% in any subject.
AAB offer - Applicants are expected to have the Certificat d'Enseignment Secondaire Superieur/Diploma van Hoger Secundair Onderwijs. With 85% overall and no lower than 80% in any subject.
If you wish to study Bsc Economics you should contact the UG Admissions Office for advice.
ABB offer - Applicants are expected to have the Certificat d'Enseignment Secondaire Superieur/Diploma van Hoger Secundair Onderwijs. With 80% overall and no lower than 75% in any subject.
In addition, you will need a suitable English language qualification. Equivalent to IELTS 6.5 overall with no lower than 6 in any component.
Bulgaria
A-level equivalent requirements
A*AA
Overall grade of 5.7 in Diploma za Zaversheno Sredno Obrazovanie including 3 state maturity exams.
AAA
Overall grade of 5.6 in Diploma za Zaversheno Sredno Obrazovanie including 3 state maturity exams including 5 in Mathematics. For BSc Economics Mathematics a grade of 5.6 is required.
AAB
Overall grade of 5.5 in Diploma za Zaversheno Sredno Obrazovanie including 3 state maturity exams.
ABB
Overall grade of 5.4 in Diploma za Zaversheno Sredno Obrazovanie including 3 state maturity exams.
Croatia
You will need a pass in Matura, with 5 overall and no lower than 4 in any subject.
You will also need a suitable English language qualification. Equivalent to IELTS 6.5 overall with no lower than 6 in any component.
Cyprus
AAA offer - you will need either the Apolytirion with an overall score of 19+ and two GCE A-levels at grades AA. Also, a GCSE grade B in mathematics. We will consider applications from students taking the Lise Diplomasi from a reputable school, with an overall GPA of 90%.
AAB offer - you will need either the Apolytirion with an overall score of 18+ and two GCE A-levels at grades AA. For BSc Economics, you will need an A-level in maths at grade A. We will consider applications from students who are taking the Lise Diplomasi from a reputable school, with an overall GPA of 85%. For BSc Economics, you will need an A-level in maths at grade A.
ABB offer - you will need either the Apolytirion with an overall score of 18+ and two GCE A-levels at grades AB or three GCE A-levels at grades ABB. We will consider applications from students taking the Lise Diplomasi from a reputable school, with an overall GPA of 80%.
You will also need a suitable English language qualification. Equivalent to IELTS 6.5 overall with no lower than 6 in any component.
Czech Republic
You will need to achieve an overall grade of 2 in the Matura, with no lower than 2 in English. Applicants for BSc Economics are expected to be studying Mathematics and to achieve a Grade 1.
If you are not taking English as part of the Matura, you will need a suitable English language qualification. Equivalent to IELTS 6.5 overall with no lower than 6 in any component.
Denmark
You will need an overall grade of 10 in the Studentereksamen.
You will also need a suitable English language qualification. Equivalent to IELTS 6.5 overall with no lower than 6 in any component.
Estonia
You will need to pass 10 subjects at grade 5, with no lower than 4 in all subjects in the Gumnaasiumi Loputunnistus.
You will also need to pass your State School Leaving Certificate, with a minimum of three subjects scoring 85% each.
You will need a suitable English language qualification. Equivalent to IELTS 6.5 overall with no lower than 6 in any component.
European Baccalaureate
We require between 85% and 77% overall depending on the degree you apply for, with a minimum of 7/10 in Maths & English
Finland
You will need to pass your Matriculation exams with two subjects at grade L and no lower than M in any subject.
Students applying for the BSc Economics course will need grade L in compulsory Mathematics.
France
A-level equivalent requirement
A*AA
16/20 overall in Baccalauréat Général and 15 in English or 15/20 overall in Option International du Baccalauréat (OIB) and 12 in English.
AAA
15/20 overall in Baccalauréat Général with 14 in Mathematics and English or 14/20 overall in Option International du Baccalauréat (OIB) with 12 in Mathematics and 12 in English. For BSc Economics a grade of 15 is required in Mathematics in Baccalauréat Général and a grade of 14 in Mathematics is required in Option International du Baccalauréat (OIB).
AAB
14/20 overall in Baccalauréat Général and 14 in English or 13/20 overall in Option International du Baccalauréat (OIB) 12 in English.
ABB
13/20 overall in Baccalauréat Général and 14 in English or 12/20 overall in Option International du Baccalauréat (OIB) and 12 in English.
Germany
A-level equivalent requirement
A*AA
Overall grade of 1.2 - 1.4 in German Abitur including 13 in English Language.
AAA
Overall grade of 1.5 in German Abitur including 12 in English Language and Mathematics. For BSc Economics, 13 is required in Mathematics.
AAB
Overall grade of 1.6 in German Abitur including 12 in English Language.
ABB
Overall grade of 1.7 - 1.8 in German Abitur including 12 in English Language.
Greece
AAA offer - you will need 19 overall in the Apolytirion and in each Pan-Hellenic national examination subject.
AAB offer - you will need 18 overall in the Apolytirion and in three Pan-Hellenic national examination subjects. You need 19 in Hellenic maths to study BSc Economics.
ABB offer - you will need 17 overall in the Apolytirion and 18 each in three Pan-Hellenic national examination subjects.
You will also need a suitable English language qualification. Equivalent to IELTS 6.5 overall with no lower than 6 in any component.
Hungary
You will need a score of 5 in any subject and two subjects at a higher maturity level, in the Erettsegi vizsga.
You will also need a suitable English language qualification. Equivalent to IELTS 6.5 overall with no lower than 6 in any component.
Iceland
You will need to achieve 8/7 overall in the Studentsprof, depending on the degree you apply for.
You will also need a suitable English language qualification. Equivalent to IELTS 6.5 overall with no lower than 6 in any component.
Ireland
AAA: Successfully complete the Irish Leaving Certificate with four Higher Level subjects at H1, H1, H1, H1.
AAB: Successfully complete the Irish Leaving Certificate with four Higher Level subjects at H1, H1, H1, H2.
ABB: Successfully complete the Irish Leaving Certificate with four Higher Level subjects at H1, H1, H2, H2.
Italy
A-level equivalent requirements
A*AA
Overall grade of 95% in Esame di Stato.
AAA
Overall grade of 95% in Esame di Stato. For BSc Economics, 19/20 is required in Mathematics.
AAB
Overall grade of 90% in Esame di Stato.
ABB
Overall grade of 85% in Esame di Stato.
Latvia
You will need a minimum of 9 in all subjects in your Atestats.
You will also need a suitable English language qualification. Equivalent to IELTS 6.5 overall with no lower than 6 in any component.
Lithuania
You will need 85% in State Exams and grades 9 and 10 in School Exams.
You will also need a suitable English language qualification. Equivalent to IELTS 6.5 overall with no lower than 6 in any component.
Luxembourg
If you're taking the Diplome de Fin d'Etudes Secondaires, you need 'tres bien' in four subjects and 'bien' in all other subjects.
You will also need a suitable English language qualification. Equivalent to IELTS 6.5 overall with no lower than 6 in any component.
Macedonia
You will need to achieve a GPA of 4.7 (out of 5) in the Matura.
You will also need a suitable English language qualification. Equivalent to IELTS 6.5 overall with no lower than 6 in any component.
Moldova
You will need A-levels or International Baccalaureate. Or, you will need to complete an acceptable UK-based foundation programme.
You will also need a suitable English language qualification. Equivalent to IELTS 6.5 overall with no lower than 6 in any component.
We do not accept the Diploma de Bacalaureat for direct entry to our undergraduate courses.
The Netherlands
A-level equivalent requirements
A*AA
Overall score of 8.3 in Voorbereidend Wetenschappelijk Onderwijs (VWO)
AAA
Overall score of 8.0 in Voorbereidend Wetenschappelijk Onderwijs (VWO). For BSc Economics, 8.0 is required in Mathematics.
AAB
Overall score of 7.5 in Voorbereidend Wetenschappelijk Onderwijs (VWO)
ABB
Overall score of 7.0 in Voorbereidend Wetenschappelijk Onderwijs (VWO)
Norway
A-level equivalent requirement
A*AA
Overall 5.0 in Vitnemål fra den Videregående Skole (VVO) with 5 or 6 in key subjects including 5 in English language.
AAA
Overall 4.8 in Vitnemål fra den Videregående Skole (VVO) with 5 or 6 in key subjects and 4 in English Language and 5 in Mathematics.
AAB
Overall 4.5 in Vitnemål fra den Videregående Skole (VVO) with 5 or 6 in key subjects including 5 in English Language.
ABB
Overall 4.3 in Vitnemål fra den Videregående Skole (VVO) with 5 or 6 in any key subjects.
Poland
You will need at least three subjects (advanced level) in the Polish Matura. With 85% overall and no lower than 80% in any advanced level subject.
You will also need a suitable English language qualification. Equivalent to IELTS 6.5 overall with no lower than 6 in any component.
Portugal
You will need to achieve 19 overall in Diploma de Ensino Secundario.
You will also need a suitable English language qualification. Equivalent to IELTS 6.5 overall with no lower than 6 in any component.
Romania
A-level equivalent requirements
A*AA
Overall score of 9.3 in Diploma de Bacalaureat with no lower than 9.0 in any subject.
AAA
Overall score of 9.0 in Diploma de Bacalaureat with no lower than 9.0 in any subject. For BSc Economics, 9.0 is required in Mathematics.
AAB
Overall score of 8.7 in Diploma de Bacalaureat with no lower than 8.5 in any subject.
ABB
Overall score of 8.5 in Diploma de Bacalaureat with no lower than 8.5 in any subject.
Russia
You will need A-levels or International Baccalaureate. Or, you will need to complete an acceptable UK-based foundation programme.
You will also need a suitable English language qualification. Equivalent to IELTS 6.5 overall with no lower than 6 in any component.
We do not accept the Russian Certificate of Secondary Education for entry to undergraduate courses.
Serbia
You will need to achieve 4.5 overall in your diploma.
You will also need a suitable English language qualification. Equivalent to IELTS 6.5 overall with no lower than 6 in any component.
Slovakia
You will need to achieve 1.5 overall in the Matura.
You will also need a suitable English language qualification. Equivalent to IELTS 6.5 overall with no lower than 6 in any component.
Spain
A-level equivalent requirements
A*AA
9.5 overall in Spanish Bachillerato (Titulo de Bachiller).
AAA
9.0 overall in Spanish Bachillerato (Titulo de Bachiller) and 8 in Mathematics. For BSc Economics 9 is required in Mathematics.
AAB
8.5 overall in Spanish Bachillerato (Titulo de Bachiller).
ABB
8.0 overall in Spanish Bachillerato (Titulo de Bachiller).
Sweden
A-level equivalent requirements
A*AA
19.00 overall from a total of 2500 credits in Slutbetyg från Gymnasieskolan.
AAA
18.00 overall from a total of 2500 credits in Slutbetyg från Gymnasieskolan. For BSc Economics, 17,50/B is required in Mathematics.
AAB
17.50 overall from a total of 2500 credits in Slutbetyg från Gymnasieskolan.
ABB
17.00 overall from a total of 2500 credits in Slutbetyg från Gymnasieskolan.
Switzerland
A-level equivalent requirements
A*AA
Overall grade of 5.0 in Swiss Maturity Certificate
AAA
Overall grade of 5.0 in Swiss Maturity Certificate. For BSc Economics, 5.0 is required in Mathematics.
AAB
Overall grade of 4.8 in Swiss Maturity Certificate
ABB
Overall grade of 4.5 in Swiss Maturity Certificate
Turkey
A-level equivalent requirement
A*AA
Overall grade of 87% in Lise Diplomasi from an approved school.
AAA
Overall grade of 85% in Lise Diplomasi from an approved school. For BSc Economics - AP grade 5 in Calculus BC is also required.
AAB
Overall grade of 80% in Lise Diplomasi from an approved school.
ABB
Overall grade of 75% in Lise Diplomasi from an approved school.
Ukraine
You will need A-levels or International Baccalaureate or, an acceptable UK-based foundation programme.
You also need a suitable English language qualification. Equivalent to IELTS 6.5 overall with no lower than 6 in any component.
We do not accept the Ukrainian Matura or Attestat for direct entry to our undergraduate courses.